Bipolar Disorder: Open Access
Open Access

Rosalie Greenberg

Publications

• Research Article
  Infections and Childhood Psychiatric Disorders: Tick-Borne Illness and Bipolar Disorder in Youth
  Author(s): Rosalie GreenbergRosalie Greenberg
  
  Objective: To explore possible links between tick-borne illness (TBI) and pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD) in a retrospective series of youth from a Northeast U.S. psychiatric private practice. Methods: PBD diagnosis in 27 youth (15 Bipolar I and 12 Bipolar II) was based on DSM-IV TR criteria following interviews with parents and children, questionnaires and school reports. Testing for Borrelia burgdorferi (Lyme disease), Babesia, Bartonella, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Anaplasma and Ehrlichia occurred between February 2013 and July 2015. Lyme testing included an ELISA and Western Blot IgM/IgG and cultures; Babesia and Bartonella were ascertained by IgM/IgG antibody titers and fluorescent in-situ hybridization (FISH) tests. Other pathogen exposure was determined by IgM/IgG antibody titers. Testing was performed at LabCorp, Mayo Me.. View More»
  DOI: 10.4172/2472-1077.1000113

  Abstract PDF

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