Pediatrics & Therapeutics
Open Access
ISSN: 2161-0665
+44 1478 350008
ISSN: 2161-0665
+44 1478 350008
Mir N Anwar
Stanger Hospital, South Africa
Scientific Tracks Abstracts: Pediat Therapeut
Background: TB is surging much of the Africa because of HIV epidemic, it is observed that TB rate is much higher than what is reported it in public health system. In South Africa out of all TB case 16% are amongst children. Objective: Childhood mortality is increasingly higher in Sub-Saharan Africa. To know the reason of child mortality- Is it because of TB or HIV or both? Method: TB & HIV infection in children in retrospective study was in our mind. In 2010, 8.8 million new TB cases globally, 1.1 million deaths (excluding HIV). 1.1 million new-HIV associated TB cases, 82% living in Sub-Saharan Africa. About 26% of all the HIV patients when started with ART had TB in their life time. TB is number one cause of death in HIV infected patients. Results: Deaths Worldwide, HIV: 6000/day, TB: 5000/day. South Africa-TB case incidence: 4th in the world, Childhood TB- 16% of all TB cases. Co-infection of TB and HIV-Globally- 13%, South Africa are around 25- 60% of amongst children. WHO endorsed in 2010 new diagnostic tool to confirm TB like Gene Xpert MDR/RIP, PCR based test even in children. Presently it is not widely available in Sub-Saharan Africa because of high cost. South Africa is lucky to have Gene XPRT test kit available even in district hospital. It is observed that the patterns of TB symptoms are also changing then that of traditional one. Conclusion: Problem persists still on diagnosis of TB as 87% of the TB patients shows smear negative even with fluorescent microscope. It shows that smear negative TB patients have high mortality even with proper TB treatment. It is also observed that HIV patients have low TB organism in sputum even with low CD4 count. TB is a multisystem disease. TB and HIV are correlated with each other; if we can decrease the incidence of HIV we can decrease the incidence of TB both in morbidity and mortality.
Mir N Anwar graduated in Medicine from Bangladesh in 1975. He did his Post-graduation in Pediatrics from Ireland in 1982. He did his MPH concentration Maternity and Child Health from University of Massachusetts, USA in 2003. Then he joined UN/ WHO and worked as a Pediatric Consultant & Public Health Specialist, around the world including Asia, Japan, Middle East, Africa, Pacific Island, Ireland and USA. Since 2007 he has been working in South Africa in different provinces of South Africa with the Department of Health. Presently he is working as a Clinical Medical Manager in Richmond Chest Hospital, KZN. South Africa. Presently his main interest is in Childhood TB and HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa. In his long carrier in Pediatric and Public Health he attended several international congress, conferences, and seminars and presented his original work. Some of them were published in International Journal including American Child Neurology Journal, Japan Pediatric Neurology Journal, Pakistan Pediatric Journal, Bangladesh Child Medical Journal, Nigerian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology etc. For his work he is honored by American Academy of Pediatrics, Royal College of Health, UK, and International College of Pediatrics. His biography is published in Who’s Who in Medicine Cambridge, UK in 1985.
Email: miranwar13@gmail.com