Pediatrics & Therapeutics
Open Access

Bacille-Calmette Guerin vaccine-induce hip tuberculosis in an infant: A case report

2^nd Global Congress and Expo on Pediatric Cardiology & Healthcare

September 22-24, 2016 Las Vegas, USA

Jazel O Manarang

The Royal Hospital, Oman

Posters & Accepted Abstracts: Pediat Therapeut

Abstract :

Tuberculosis (TB) remains to be a significant global health burden. The WHO Expanded Program of Immunization (EPI) recommends the Bacille-Calmette Guerin (BCG) vaccine to protect against hematogenous spread of primary tuberculous and other more severe types of TB infection in infants. However, a number of cases have been published reporting its share of complications such as regional lymphadenitis, localized abscesses and osteomyelitis. We describe a case of eight month old boy with hip osteomyelitis from BCG vaccination, the first documented case in Oman. He was presented with onemonth history of intermittent fever associated with limitation of range of motion (ROM) in the right hip area. He received up to date EPI vaccination and denied exposure to persons with TB infection. He was initially treated for bacterial septic arthritis until Mycobacterium BCG strain has been detected on GeneXpert. Tuberculosis (TB) is a bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Lungs are the most common site to be involved but can affect any part of human body. On literature review, BCG vaccine can as well cause uncommon but significant complications in some infants, including osteomyelitis. Articular TB infection is largely a clinicoradiologic diagnosis. Clinical suspicion can be supported by radiological imaging in addition to culture and genomic studies to confirm the diagnosis. Chemotherapy is recommended for all patients with active disease. Supplemental surgical intervention is restricted for those with disease process complications. Although the BCG vaccine may be associated with complications, the potential morbidity and mortality from tuberculosis outweighs them. In children with symptoms suspicious of TB infection, timely diagnosis and immediate treatment are necessary to ensure the best outcome for the patient.

Biography :

Email: jazel_carillo@yahoo.com