Journal of Clinical and Cellular Immunology
Open Access
ISSN: 2155-9899
ISSN: 2155-9899
Masaaki Murakami
Science Innovation Center, Bld A 4th floor, Office for University-Industry Collaboration,
2-1, Yamadaoka Suita, Osaka 565-0871
Japan
Review Article
The Gate Theory Explains Regional Neural Regulation of Activated T cells Entering the Central Nervous System
Author(s): Daisuke Kamimura, Moe Yamada, Lavannya Sabharwal, Hideki Ogura, Yuko Okuyama, Akihiro Nakamura, Toru Atsumi, Yasunobu Arima and Masaaki MurakamiDaisuke Kamimura, Moe Yamada, Lavannya Sabharwal, Hideki Ogura, Yuko Okuyama, Akihiro Nakamura, Toru Atsumi, Yasunobu Arima and Masaaki Murakami
Type 17 helper T (Th17) cells are a subset of activated CD4+ T cells that produce interleukin (IL)-17 and contribute to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases via inflammation induction. Th17 differentiation is induced by T cell receptor engagement in the presence of several cytokines including IL-1β, IL-23, TGF-β and IL-6. IL-6 is often elevated during inflammation and chronic inflammatory diseases such as autoimmune disorders. We have shown that a combination of IL-17 and IL-6 synergistically induces the production of target molecules including various chemokines and IL-6 itself in non-immune cells such as fibroblasts and endothelial cells. We named this phenomenon the “inflammation amplifier” and determined it essential for the induction of chronic inflammatory diseases. Moreover, our results showed that the inflammation amplifier describes simulta.. View More»
DOI:
10.4172/2155-9899.1000156