Journal of Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology
Open Access

Department of Ophthalmology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada

Publications

• Commentary   
  Tele-Refraction in Tele-Eye Care Settings: A Commentary
  Author(s): Nicolas Blais*, Benoit Tousignant and Jean-Marie Hanssens
  
  Uncorrected refractive errors are the leading cause of visual impairment globally. The access to primary eye care, which includes refraction, is limited by the lack of refractionists and the remoteness of certain populations. Remote refraction could be a promising way to address this issue. There are two types of remote refraction: web-based refraction testing and clinical tele-refraction. Online refraction is the use of web-based tools or devices that allow for subjective refractive measurements. This type of remote refraction is unassisted, while clinical tele-refraction involves an in-person technician, or professional, and a remote eye care provider in a synchronous, asynchronous or hybrid modality. Studies have found that both online refraction and clinical tele-refraction can be equivalent to in-person subjective refraction. Tele-refraction also appears to h.. View More»
  DOI: 10.35248/2155-9570.22.13.925

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