Journal of Clinical and Cellular Immunology
Open Access
ISSN: 2155-9899
+44 1223 790975
ISSN: 2155-9899
+44 1223 790975
Mario Plebani
Italy
Review Article
Pancreatic Cancer Fostered Immunosuppression Privileges Tumor Growth and Progression
Author(s): Daniela Basso, Elisa Gnatta and Mario PlebaniDaniela Basso, Elisa Gnatta and Mario Plebani
The high progression rate of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) depends on intrinsic genetic and epigenetic cancer cell aberrations and a profound imbalance in immune system cells infiltrating the PDAC stroma. Direct or exosome mediated shedding in the tumor microenviroment of different molecules (e.g. cytokines, chemokines, lectins) causes tumor, pancreatic stellate and inflammatory cells to recruit numerous immunosuppressive cells in the PDAC microenvironment and inhibit immune effector cells. CD8+ T and dendritic immune effector cells (DCs) are reduced, while immunosuppressive T regulatory cells (Treg), Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells (MDSCs) and M2 Tumor Associated Macrophages (TAMs) accumulate in the PDAC stroma, mainly at the invasive front area. The imbalance in CD4+ T cell subsets, with Th2 and Th17 prevailing over the Th1 effector arm, i.. View More»
DOI:
10.4172/2155-9899.1000278