Journal of Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology
Open Access
ISSN: 2155-9570
ISSN: 2155-9570
Alexander Kholmanskiy*
The dynamics of hydrogen bonds in bulk and hydrated water affected the activation energies of temperature dependence of ion currents of voltage dependent channels that regulate communication and trophic bonds in the neuropil of the cortical parenchyma. The physics of minimizing of isobaric heat capacity of water made it possible to explain stabilization and functional optimization of thermodynamics of eyeball fluids at 34.5°C and human brain during sleep at 36.5°C. At these temperatures, thermoreceptors of cornea and cells of ganglionic layer of the retina, through connections with suprachiasmatic nucleus and pineal gland, switch brain metabolism from daytime to nighttime modes. The phylogenesis of circadian rhythm was reflected in dependence of duration of nighttime sleep of mammals on diameter of eyeball, mass of pineal gland and density of neurons in parenchyma of cortex. The activity of all nerves of eyeball led to division of nocturnal sleep into slow and fast phases. These phases correspond to two modes of glymphatic system electrochemical and dynamic. The first is responsible for relaxation processes of synaptic plasticity and chemical neutralization of toxins with participation of water and melatonin. Rapid eye movement and an increase in cerebral blood flow in second mode increase water exchange in parenchyma and flush out toxins into venous system.
Statement of significance: The efficiency of glymphatic system of brain in a person’s sleep determines productivity of mental activity and likelihood of developing Alzheimer’s disease in old age. We studied physiology of clearance using method of comparing activation energies of temperature dependences of dynamic and electrical parameters of brain and eye fluids with similar parameters of bulk and hydrated water. This substantiated key role of water thermodynamic anomalies in stabilizing and optimizing metabolism of brain and eyes in range of 33°C-37°C. In process of phylogenesis, this led to the subordination of physiology of cold thermoreceptors of cornea and the conductivity of neural connection of cells of ganglion layer of retina to suprachiasmatic nucleus to circadian rhythm. Activation of first signaling system and deactivation of second are responsible for switching of brain metabolism from daytime to nighttime mode and specialization of glymphatic system in REM and NREM sleep. An important correlation has been established between duration of sleep-in mammals and anatomical parameters of the eyeball, pineal gland and neocortex.
Published Date: 2025-04-07; Received Date: 2023-11-13