Reproductive System & Sexual Disorders: Current Research
Open Access

Vesicovaginal Fistula

Vesicovaginal fistula or VVF is a subtype of female urogenital fistula. It is an abnormal fistulous tract present between the bladder and the vagina that allows the continuous involuntary discharge of urine into the vaginal vault. It is repaired either transvaginally or laparoscopically. Sometimes, patients who have had multiple transvaginal procedures opt for a final repair through a large abdominal incision, or laparotomy. Vesicovaginal fistula (VVF) is still a major cause for concern in many developing countries. It represents a significant morbidity in female urology. Continual wetness, odor, and discomfort cause serious social problems. The diagnosis of the condition has traditionally been based on clinical methods and dye testing. A successful repair of such fistulas requires an accurate diagnostic evaluation and timely repair using procedures that exploit basic surgical principles and the application of interposition flaps. The method of closure depends on the surgeon’s training and experience. The main complication of VVF surgery is recurrent fistula formation.