Rationale and Study Design of Provent-An International Multicenter Observational Study on Practice of Ventilation in Critically Ill Patients without ARDS

Paolo Severgnini¹⁰, Marcus J Schultz¹, Paolo Pelosi¹⁷, Marcelo Gama De Abreu¹⁶, Sabrine NT Hemmes^1,15, Jan M Binnekade¹, Hermann Wrigge¹⁴, Tanja A Treschan¹³, Marcos F Vidal Melo¹², Gary H Mills¹¹, Markus W Hollmann¹, Ary Serpa Neto^1,2,3*, Roger Smith⁶, Christian Putensen⁹, Ignacio Martin-Loeches⁴, Samir Jaber⁸, Greet Hermans⁷, Barry Dixon⁶, Rogier M Determann¹, Jaume Canet⁵, Antonio Artigas-Raventós⁴ and Carmen SV Barbas²

¹Department of Intensive Care, Academic Medical Center; Amsterdam, The Netherlands

²Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil

³Department of Critical Care Medicine, ABC Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil

⁴Department of Intensive Care Medicine Hospital de Sabadell, CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Corporació Sanitaria i Universitaria Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Spain

⁵Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Barcelona, Spain

⁶Department of Intensive Care, St. Vincent Hospital, Melbourne, Australia

⁷Department of General Internal Medicine, Medical Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

⁸Department of Critical Care Medicine and Anesthesiology (SAR B), Saint Eloi University Hospital, Montpellier, France

⁹Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany

¹⁰Department of Environment, Health and Safety, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy

¹¹Department of Critical care, Sheffield Teaching Hospital, Sheffield, UK

¹²Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

¹³Department of Anaesthesiology, Düsseldorf University Hospital, Düsseldorf, Germany

¹⁴Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany

¹⁵Department of Anesthesiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

¹⁶Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Dresden, Dresden, Germany

¹⁷Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy

^*Corresponding Author: Ary Serpa Neto, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil Email: