Family Medicine & Medical Science Research
Open Access

Factors Effecting Maternal Health in Women

Divya Awlahkar^{* *}Correspondence: Divya Awlahkar, Department of Family Medicine, Missouri State University, Springfield, USA, Email:

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Description

Maternal health refers to a woman's health and well-being before, during, and after pregnancy and includes aspects of physical, mental, social, and emotional health. It also refers to a profession in public health mainly responsible for promoting the future challenges and health status of this vulnerable population.

Poverty is a complex and insidious determinant of health caused by systemic factors that can persist in a family for generations. Poverty begins before birth and continues throughout a person's life and can significantly affect health and health outcomes. The vision of the American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP) is to transform healthcare to achieve optimal health for every person. Public health professionals and physicians continue to work on a shared vision to improve the health of the population. As the integration of primary care and public health continues, this shared vision becomes even more relevant, clear, and focused. Success in this new era means achieving better outcomes by transforming healthcare to overcome obstacles related to the environmental, social, and community determinants of health, including poverty.

Pregnant women with pre-existing mental disorders were significantly more likely to have a low level of education, be unmarried and unemployed, have a disability to do the work more effectively, have chronic concomitant diseases, smoke more frequently, gain less weight, and attend fewer antenatal visits, as spending more time in hospital during the post-delivery time leads to less breastfeed to their children. Many pregnant women have pre-existing illnesses like epilepsy, diabetes, high blood pressure, lupus, bowel disease, or thyroid problems. Dental health is an important part of overall health. It also plays an important role in pregnancy (prenatal) care. Pregnancy raises the risk of certain dental health problems that can lead to pregnancy problems, like premature birth. One should go to regular dental check-ups during pregnancy. Dental X-rays are harmless during pregnancy. Brush the teeth twice a day and floss once a day.

Analysis of the Pregnancy Mortality Surveillance System, was led by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), specifies significant racial and ethnic inequalities in pregnancy related deaths. The Pregnancy Related Mortality Ratio (PRMR) denotes the number of deaths per 100,000 live births resulting from pregnancy related causes or pregnancy. A 2019 report from the Centre for Disease Control and Prevention indicate that the Indigenous women in the United States and PRMRs of Black women are 4-5 times higher than that of white women. White women had a pregnancy related mortality ratio of approximately 14 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births. While Indigenous and Black women had PRMRs of 30 and 41 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births respectively. The majority of these deaths were due to preventable diseases related with pregnancy such as hypertension and thyroid disorders.

Religion could affect maternal and child health outcomes in various ways. For example, though Muslim religious councils have emphasized the significance of vaccination, there have been disquiets raised by other councils that some vaccines, particularly the measles vaccine, might contain harmful material.