Journal of Physical Chemistry & Biophysics
Open Access

Abstract

Magnetic Control of Enzymatic Phosphorylation

Anatoly L. Buchachenko and Dmitry A. Kuznetsov

Ion-radical mechanism of the phosphorylation in the three processes of paramount importance – enzymatic ATP synthesis, DNA replication, and enzymatic phosphorylation of proteins, which are three cornerstones of the life chemistry, was discovered by using pure isotope forms of metal (magnesium, zinc, calcium) ions catalyzing enzymatic phosphorylation. It is convincingly proved by magnetic isotope and magnetic field effects on these processes. Ionradical mechanism is inevitable because on the pathway of compression of reactants in any molecular machine (enzyme) electron transfer occurs which precedes generally accepted nucleophilic reaction. Ion-radical mechanism being controlled by magnetic interactions is switched on when at least two metal ions enter in catalytic site: the first one is tightly bound with phosphate group, the second one is ‘free’, and not bound with phosphate groups; it acts as an electron acceptor, it is a main actor of the ion-radical mechanism. This mechanism may be also switched off by presence of Fe ions. Ion-radical mechanism manifests itself in the ATP synthesis in isolated mitochondria and in the whole living organisms as well in the widely used polymerase chain reaction of the DNA replication. The mechanism can be used to stimulate ATP synthesis and eliminate ATP deficiency at cardiac diseases, to control cell proliferation, to kill cancer cells, and control trans-cranial magnetic stimulation against cognitive deceases.