Clinical & Experimental Cardiology
Open Access

Reactions of macrophages of patients with atherosclerosis to nano-structured biodegradable materials for applications in cardiovascular surgery

Joint Event on 3^rd International Conference on Cardiovascular Medicine and Cardiac Surgery & 26^th Annual Conference on Clinical & Medical Case Reports in Cardiology

July 05-06, 2018 | Berlin, Germany

Ekaterina I Shishatskaya and N G Menzianova

Siberian Federal University, Russia

Posters & Accepted Abstracts: J Clin Exp Cardiolog

Abstract :

Restoration of injured vessel wall due to formation of atherosclerotic plug is the target of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) in ischemic heart disease treatment. Development of smart materials for vascular stents is a key point in the solution of the problem of neoatherosclerosis and restenosis. Nanostructure of such smart stents may have the specific influence to cell elements of vessel wall through the mechanisms of mechanotransduction; realize the phenomenon of guided tissue formation. Macrophages have the leading role in the development of atherosclerotic changes, as foam cells of plugs. The creation of smart nano-structured stents requires their estimation in adequate in vitro model systems. Development of ischemic hart disease is accompanied by the appearance in circulating blood of monocytes of pro-inflammatory, proatherogenic phenotype, co-expressing CD14 and CD16. PTCA can be contemplated as a provoking factor, triggering the cascades of negative chemokine reactions and causing neoatherosclerosis development. Good candidates for applications in reconstructive tissue remodeling is the group of natural polyesters of alkanoic acids, - polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs). This class has high biocompatibility, controllable periods of biodegradation and good construction properties thanks to their structure variations. PHAs are synthesized in microbial cultures depending on strain specificity monomer composition can vary. We tested five monomer compositions, obtained in Ralstonia eutropha B5786 in short-term cultures of monocytes of patients, before and after PTCA. Surface nano-reliefs of samples differ in significant, as seen in atomic force microscopy (AFM). Phenotypic differences in monocytes cultured were observed also, in SEM and molecular analyses.