Medicinal & Aromatic Plants
Open Access

Ethnobotanical Study of Useful Climbers Creepers & Twiners of Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University campus and Adjoining Areas of District Rajouri (J&K)

Tahir Mahmood^{* *}Correspondence: Tahir Mahmood, Extension Scientist, Centre for Biodiversity Studies, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, India, Tel: 9906384581, Email:

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Introduction

Ethnomedicinal plants are necessary for treatment of various diseases and production of various medicines. The Climbers, Creepers and twiner are extensively used as medicine. The local people of district Rajouri use 43 climbers of the vascular plants for medicine; vegetable and fodder. Plants are remarkable source of valuable substances for human beings. These are showing variation in their habitat as well as their habit. As per climatic condition, the plants are showing their presence in different sites. Plants are essential for healthier life because they provide us medicines, which are both effective and safe, without any side effect. Plants play a vital role in our lives more than animals mainly due to their extraordinary array of diverse class of biochemical’s with a variety of biological activities [1,2] ethnobotanical information on medicinal plants and their uses by indigenous cultures is useful not only in the conservation of traditional cultures and biodiversity, but also for community health care and drug development. This information is utilized as a guide for drug development. This information is utilized as a guide for drug development under the premise that a plant which has been used by autochthonic people over a long Period of time may have an allopathic application [3]. Some important studies on diversity of climber’s creepers and twiner in different part of India by Gentry, Ghosh and Mukherjee [4], Bandopadhya and Mukherjee [5], and, Jangid and Sharma [6] suggest that the climber creepers and twiner are forming man components of ecosystem. The conservation of important and endangered medicinal plants, their conservation and the Ethnomedicinal uses, including climbers is very essential to establish their appropriate utilization [7-9]. The Rajouri however are floristically the least surveyed district in the Jammu province, with scanty and scattered information available on their flora [10-13].

The aim of the current research is to highlight the key of climbers creepers and twiners of BGSB University campus and adjoining areas of district Rajouri Jammu and Kashmir India.

The ethnobotanical study on useful climber creepers and twiner of district, Rajouri state Jammu & Kashmir India was carried out by Mahmood [14] and 43 species of 33 genera belonging to 36 families were found useful in everyday life of local denizens as medicinal, fodder/forage, shelter, and in making agricultural tools. Most of the shrubs were noticed having more than one ethnomedicinal uses.

Material and Methods

Jammu & Kashmir, India is a very rich center of biodiversity with important hot sports, such as rivers, lakes, streams, spring, steep mountain slopes and road, waste lands, cultivated fields etc. The present study was accomplished to document of the Ethnomedicinal data on the useful climbers creepers & twiner of Distt Rajouri, state Jammu and Kashmir India, it is located at southern part of of Jammu division in the foot hill of Pir Panjal range between 32°- 58′ and 33°-35′ latitude and 74°-81′ longitude at an elevation range of 370-6000 msl, It is bounded on the eastern side by district Reasi Western side by Pok, Northern side by District Poonch it is about 915,m above the sea level . Covering an area of 2630 sq.km, and as population of 6, 19,266 per 2011 census [15].

The present communication pertains to climbers creepers and twiner were collected from Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah university Rajouri and adjoining area of district Rajouri state Jammu and Kashmir India, and were identified with the help of local flora of Udhampur Ajai Swami and B. K. Gupta, Singh and Kirn: Kirn: Vir Jee et al., Dar et al., Malik et al. General information about the climbers creepers and twiner was collected from the local peoples. About 70 local peoples respondents including both male and female was interviewed. The question about the indigenous uses of climber creepers and twiner plant species were asked in Urdu, Gojjri & Phari. Plants specimen collected from the area were dried, pressed and mounted on herbarium sheets. Correct identified herbarium data were deposited in Centre of Biodiversity Studies, BGSBU Rajouri for future reference [16].

Results

During the present probe based on ethnobotanical useful climbers creepers & twiner, of Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, campus and adjoining areas of district Rajouri State Jammu and Kashmir India. The present papers first time provides inventory of 43 species of vascular plants belong to 36 families were collected by the author from various areas in the Rajouri district and take the interviewed for their local uses peculiarly in medicines. (Author contacted the tribal people & discussed with him in local languages (Gojjri) and collected the information of medicinal plants. The Present paper is the result of detailed field studies made during the floristic surveys conduct the Rajouri Poonch from 1987-1988-1993 & from 2008-2010 and again from the data collected for various uses of these species is presented in Table 1 and Figures 1-43.

Table 1: Data collected for various uses of these species.

Figure 1: Asparagus racemosus Willd.

Figure 2: Cardiospermum halicacabum L.

Figure 3: Cissampelos pareria L.

Figure 4: Clematis buchananiana.

Figure 5: Convolvulus arvensis L.

Figure 6: Cryptolepis buchanani Roem.

Figure 7: Cuscuta reflexa Roxb.

Figure 8: Dioscorea alata L.

Figure 9: Dioscorea bulbifera L.

Figure 10: Diplocyclos palmatus L.

Figure 11: Ficus pumila L.

Figure 12: Ficus sarmentosa Buch-Ham.

Figure 13: Fragaria vesca L.

Figure 14: Gloriosa superba L.

Figure 15: Hedera nepalensis K.

Figure 16: Helinus lanceolatus Wall.

Figure 17: Ichnocarpus frutescens L.

Figure 18: Ipomoea indicia (Burm. F.)

Figure 19: Ipomoea nil L.

Figure 20: Ipomoea purpurea (L.)

Figure 21: Ipomoea tricolor L.

Figure 22: Ipomoea triloba L.

Figure 23: Jasminum dispermum Wallich.

Figure 24: Lathyrus aphaca L.

Figure 25: Lonicera quinquelocularis Hardw.

Figure 26: Lonicera japonica Thumb.

Figure 27: Luffa cylindrica L.M. Roem.

Figure 28: Lygodium japonicum.

Figure 29: Marsilea quadrifolia L.

Figure 30: Marsilea quadrifolia L.

Figure 31: Oxalis corniculata L.

Figure 32: Polygonum capaitatum Buch.

Figure 33: Quisquails indica L.

Figure 34: Rosa moschata Herm.

Figure 35: Rubia cordifolia L.

Figure 36: Smilax aspera L.

Figure 37: Solena amplexicaulis Lam.

Figure 38: Tinospora cordifolia (Lour.).Merr.

Figure 39: Trichosanthes cucumerina L.

Figure 40: Tylophora hirsuta Wight.

Figure 41: Vicia hirsute L.

Figure 42: Vicia sativa L.

Figure 43: Vitis jacquemontii L.

Discussion and Conclusion

Rajouri district is located on southerly foothills of the Pir Panjal Himalaya are botanically the least surveyed area in Jammu Province with very little preliminary information of available on their flora, this data matches with that of Singh and Kirn provide a list of some alpine plants of Poonch; Kirn presented a brief account of some medicinal plants of Pir Panjal range: Singh gave an introductory account of some wild flowering plants of Rajouri; Vir Jee et al. reported their concise taxa-ethnobotanical observation made in some rural areas of Rajouri. During the present investigation, it was found that almost all the species of twiner and climbers recorded for their ethnobotanical uses were found medicinally important. Over utilization not only degraded the local vegetation and natural beauty but also made certain species endangered Rubia cordifolia L., Vitis jacquemontii L. Dioscorea bulbifera L. Tinospora cordifolia Willd. Hook. Were disappearing day by day. Total certain direct crusades such as commercial and subsistence purposes and indirect crusades such as insecure land tenure, poverty and population growth were also influencing the local vegetation. Therefore there is a desperate need for the aegis of this wealth of nature until it vanishes on this planet.