Journal of Clinical and Cellular Immunology

Journal of Clinical and Cellular Immunology
Open Access

ISSN: 2155-9899

Research Article - (2012) Volume 3, Issue 3

Assessment of Toll-like Receptors in the Ileum of Weanling Pigs- Responses to Feed Antibiotic Chlortetracycline and Gnotobiotic Conditions

Sajan George1,4, Katherine Circle1, Stacy Lindblom2, Sebastien Vilain1, Artur J.M. Rosa2, David Francis3,4, Volker Brözel3,4 and Radhey S. Kaushik1,3,4*
1Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD-57007, USA
2Animal & Range Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD-57007, USA
3Veterinary & Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD-57007, USA
4Center for Infectious Disease Research & Vaccinology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD-57007, USA
*Corresponding Author: Radhey S. Kaushik, Department of Biology and Microbiology, SNP 252B, Box 2140D, Rotunda Lane, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA, Tel: 605-688-5501, Fax: 605-688-5624 Email:

Abstract