ISSN: 2161-0495
Arizona Poison and Drug Information Center, Tucson, USA
Farshad "Mazda" Shirazi, MS, MD, Ph.D., associate professor of Medical Toxicology, Emergency Medicine, Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice. Dr. Shirazi trained in both the basic sciences of pharmacology/toxicology and its application in medicine. He has served as PI for clinical trials for new therapeutics and continues to do research on the effects of chemicals in humans.
 Case Report   
								
																Rattlesnake Envenomation in the Setting of Disrupted Lymphatic Flow: A Case Series 
																Author(s): Molly Brady*, Mary Junak, Geoffrey Smelski and Farshad Mazda Shirazi             
								
																
						 Objective: Rattlesnake envenomation is a pathophysiologically complex process with a range of local effects
  including pain, erythema, local edema resembling compartment syndrome, ecchymosis that extends beyond the
  bitten extremity, as well as the development of blisters, bullae and tissue necrosis in severe cases. Previous animal
  studies have suggested that lymphatic flow is a crucial part of dissemination of venom after initial injection to
  produce systemic effects. However, the effects of baseline lymphatic obstruction on local injury in humans have yet
  to be described clinically. 
	Methods: Three cases of patients that sustained rattlesnake bites with a history of lymphatic disruptions were
  reviewed, two with histories of mastectomies and one with chronic lower extremity lymphedema. All three patients
  experienced bites on t.. View More»
						  
																DOI:
								10.35248/2161-0495.20.10.455