Advances in Pediatric Research
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Physical and Mental Exploitation on Children and their Clinical Symptoms

Adiesh Sood^{* *}Correspondence: Adiesh Sood, Department of Pediatrics and Public Health, Kalinga University, Raipur,Chattisgrah, India, Email:

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Description

Child abuse encompasses more than just physical abuse. Any sort of adult mistreatment that is aggressive or threatening to the child qualifies as abuse.

Types of child abuse

Child abuse can occur as a single event or as a series of events spread out over time. They are 4 types of child abuse: physical, sexual, emotional, neglect.

Physical abuse: It is not an accident when a child is physically abused after being hurt or injured. Physical abuse may not necessarily result in obvious wounds or signs. It can include hitting, shaking, throwing, burning, biting, poisoning, choking, using physical restraints etc.

Sexual abuse: When an adult, adolescent, or a kid utilizes their position of authority to engage another child in sexual activities, this is known as child sexual abuse.

Emotional abuse: A kid experiences emotional abuse when they are treated in a way that stunts their intellectual, emotional, or social growth. Emotional abuse can be caused by exposure to marital and family violence, name-calling, mocking or bullying, yelling, criticizing, isolation, or locking a child up for an extended period of time, rejection. A kid who witnesses domestic violence is more likely to face unmet basic needs, such as those for care and protection. Family and domestic violence can have an impact on a child's mental health and development.

Neglect: A kid is neglected when their fundamental needs are not satisfied, which has an impact on their growth and health. Basic needs include food, personal hygiene, adequate clothing, adequate supervision, housing and clean living conditions.

Symptoms

The common signs and symptoms of child abuse may include absence from friends or routine activities, a change in conduct, such as animosity, hostility, violence, or hyperactivity, or a change in academic achievement, depression, anxiety, or strange concerns, as well as a rapid decline in confidence, nightmares and sleep issues, an apparent oversight gap, frequently missing school, stubborn or rebellious behavior, suicide attempts or selfharm.

The symptoms of physical abuse in children may include unaccounted wounds such as burns, fractures or bruising, injuries that don't fit the description provided and injuries that conflict with a child's capacity for development.

The symptoms of sexual abuse may include inappropriate sexual activity or knowledge for a child's age, a sexually transmitted illness or being pregnant, discomfort, bleeding, or injury to the anals or genitalia, declarations made by the child that they were sexually molested and improper sexual conduct with young children.

The symptoms of emotional abuse may include improper or delayed emotional development, loss of self-belief, social detachment or a decline in motivation or interest, depression, avoidance of specific situations, such skipping school or the bus, appears to be desperate for love, a loss of enthusiasm for learning, loss of developmental abilities already acquired.

The symptoms of neglect may include bad growth, untreated medical difficulties brought on by being overweight, together with a lack of personal hygiene, not having enough clothes or supplies to meet basic necessities, stealing or hoarding food, a poor history of attendance at school, lack of necessary follow-up care or improper attention given to medical, dental, or psychological issues.

Diagnosis

Child abuse may be determined using a variety of factors such as physical examination, which includes assessing any wounds or warning indications of alleged abuse or neglect lab testing, x-rays, or other tests, information on the medical history and developmental trajectory of the child, behavior of the child observed, observing how the child and their parents or other caregivers interact, talks with parents or other primary caregivers, talk with the children if possible.

Treatment

The treatment can help both children and parents in abuse situations. The treatment may occurs psychotherapy such as trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy, child-parent psychotherapy and medical care.

Conclusion

Child abuse encompasses more than just physical abuse. Child abuse can occur as a single event or as a series of events spread out over time. A kid experiences emotional abuse when they are treated in a way that stunts their intellectual, emotional, or social growth. The emotional toll of witnessing domestic and familial violence is another risk factor. A kid is neglected when their fundamental needs are not satisfied, which has an impact on their growth and health. The common signs and symptoms of child abuse may include Absence from friends or routine activities, a change in conduct, such as animosity, hostility, violence, or hyperactivity, or a change in academic achievement, depression, anxiety, or strange concerns, as well as a rapid decline in confidence, nightmares and sleep issues, an apparent oversight gap, frequently missing school, stubborn or rebellious behavior, suicide attempts or self-harm. The treatment can help both children and parents in abuse situations.