Journal of Sleep Disorders & Therapy
Open Access

Abstract

Threshold of the Periodic Limb Movements in Sleep and Periodic Limb Movements in Sleep with Arousal Indices

Masako Kato* and Yuji Yamaguchi

Background: Periodic Limb Movements in Sleep (PLMS) and Periodic Limb Movements in Sleep with Arousal (PLMA) worsen sleep quality. To address the diagnostic values of the PLMS and PLMA indices, which worsen Polysomnography (PSG) outcomes, we performed Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analyses.

Methods: Impaired PSG parameters were defined as Sleep Efficiency (SE) < 85%, Total Sleep Time (TST) < 360 min, and percentage of Wake After Sleep Onset (WASO) in sleep period time ≥ 15%.

Results: This retrospective study included 222 patients with a PLMS index ≥ 15 and an apnea-hypopnea index < 5 determined using PSG. ROC curve analyses showed that the thresholds of PLMS for decreased SE, decreased TST, and increased WASO were 28.8 (Area Under the Curve [AUC], 0.638; 95% Confidence Interval [CI], 0.563-0.714), 34.4 (AUC, 0.642; 95% CI, 0.569-0.715), and 34.5 (AUC, 0.646; 95% CI, 0.574-0.718), respectively. The thresholds of PLMA for decreased SE, decreased TST, and increased WASO were 4.00 (AUC, 0.632; 95% CI, 0.557-0.708), 5.16 (AUC, 0.612; 95% CI, 0.538-0.686), and 4.70 (AUC, 0.611; 95% CI, 0.537-0.685), respectively.

Conclusions: Patients with a PLMS index ≥ 28.8–34.5 and/or a PLMA index ≥ 4.00–5.16 independently had impaired PSG variables.

Published Date: 2023-05-03; Received Date: 2023-04-02