International Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
Open Access

Abstract

The Clinical, Quality of Life and Economic Outcomes of Inpatient Rehabilitation: A Systematic Review

Maistreli Stefania, Gourzoulidis George, Vellopoulou Katerina, Kourlaba Georgia and Maniadakis Nikos

Objective: To systematically review the clinical, functional and economic benefits of Inpatient Rehabilitation for the most common disorders of the nervous system: stroke, spinal cord injury, and multiple sclerosis.

Methodology: PubMed, Embase, Scopus, CEA Registry, and NHS EED databases were searched using combinations of three sets of key words that included various terms for rehabilitation, benefits, and treatments. The outcomes considered included measures of independence in activities of daily living (ADL), motor function, disability, handicap, gait velocity, quality of life, and economics. Following the initial literature search, the abstracts and full texts of the identified studies were reviewed and assessed for inclusion by two independent researchers based on pre-determined criteria. The data of selected studies were extracted into a data extraction form and consequently were synthesized.

Results: Forty-six articles met the inclusion criteria. Particularly, 21 studies evaluated inpatient rehabilitation subsequently to stroke, 15 studies evaluated inpatient rehabilitation after SCI, and seven studies evaluated inpatient rehabilitation of MS patients. The remaining three studies referred to mixed patient population. The majority of studies indicated that inpatient rehabilitation can provide clinical and functional benefits for all patient groups under consideration. Moreover, economic evaluations indicate that rehabilitation may be cost saving or cost-effective in certain patient groups such as those with fractures and stroke.

Conclusion: The results of the present review demonstrate that existing studies in the literature indicate that inpatient rehabilitation may deliver significant health and economic benefits for patients suffering from stroke, spinal cord injury, or multiple sclerosis and for health systems. Further research is needed to improve the consistency and robustness of the available evidence.