Journal of Pharmacological Reports
Open Access
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Study background: The implication of oxidative stress and neuro-inflammation in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia has been elucidated. Antipsychotics have limited effectiveness against negative symptoms of schizophrenia and are associated with adverse effects. The use of celecoxib or omega-3 in schizophrenia may have beneficial effects. This study was to evaluate the possible efficacies of celecoxib, omega-3 or the combination of celecoxib+risperidone and omeg-3+risperidone compared to risperidone on behavior and brain biochemistry in rats. Method: An amphetamine-induced model of schizophrenia in adult male rats was used to evaluate the effects of celecoxib, omega-3, celecoxib+risperidone and omega-3+risperidone on the behavior of animals and on brain lipid peroxidation or tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Results In the water maze task, celecoxib, omega-3, celecoxib+risperidone, omega-3+risperidone significantly decreased the latency time and increased the swimming speeds compared to amphetamine-treated group. celecoxib, omega-3, celecoxib+risperidone, omega-3+risperidone also significantly reversed the decreased spontaneous alternation induced by amphetamine in the Y-maze task. In the social interaction task, groups treated with celecoxib, omega-3, celecoxib+risperidone, omega-3+risperidone spent less time to recognize foreign animals than animals in the amphetamine-treated group. Increased brain MDA and TNF-α level due to amphetamine were significantly reduced in groups treated with celecoxib+risperidone or omega-3+risperidone. Conclusion: Celecoxib or omega-3 can attenuate amphetamine- induced behavioral impairment. These effects may be associated with their ability to decrease lipid peroxidation and cytokine release. Celecoxib or omega-3 may be promising candidates for treating such disease.