Journal of Perioperative & Critical Intensive Care Nursing
Open Access

Treatment of Emergency Patients before Hospitalization

Nazak Wat^{* *}Correspondence: Nazak Wat, Department of Emergency and Intensive Care Unit, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan, Email:

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About the Study

Pre-hospital care is the provision of emergency medical care to a patient in need before and during their transfer to a hospital for diagnostic, resuscitative, stabilizing, or preventative purposes. Prehospital emergency medicine, also known as pre-hospital care, immediate care, or Emergency Medical Services medicine (EMS medicine), is a branch of medicine that focuses on providing treatment for seriously ill or injured patients before they reach hospital as well as during emergency transfers to the hospital or between hospitals. Anaesthesiologists, emergency physicians, intensive care physicians, and practitioners of acute medicine may all practice their basic specialties after finishing their initial training in them. Pre-hospital treatment is typically initiated by a dispatch center and is a crucial component of the Emergency Medical Services continuum. The need for emergency care is frequently determined by trained professionals who respond to such calls and dispatch appropriate surface and ground ambulances and other EMS responders to triage, treat, and transfer the patients to the appropriate healthcare facility, where final care is ultimately administered. This continuum of care and Emergency Medical Service is provided through a coordinated and integrated emergency health care system, with staff members at dispatch centers, ambulance services, hospitals, and specialty care institutions being well-trained and equipped. In the event of a mass casualty disaster where there is a lack of hospital beds, emergency medical personnel, medical and transport equipment, and medication, as well as a breakdown in coordination and communication processes, local EMS professionals will be required to switch their care from conventional to crisis care. Using the workforce as effectively as possible, community response teams, health care staff registries, catastrophic triage criteria, and modified patient destinations are all strategic measures that should be planned for and implemented. Pre-hospital trauma assessment is a set of abilities used by emergency medical personnel to assess any possible threats to a patient's life stemming from a trauma episode. The two primary types of prehospital trauma assessments are basic trauma evaluation and advanced trauma assessment. The preliminary evaluation is provided by EMTs and first responders. The advanced evaluation is given by a paramedic. Emergency Medical Response Services delivers out-of-hospital emergency care.

It entails carrying out Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR), monitoring vital signs, and controlling hemorrhage, as specified in the National EMS Emergency Medical Responder curriculum Education standards and any curriculum updates specified in regulations 210 Innate Lymphoid Cells (ILCs). EMS Regulation 50 was adopted by the Illinois Department of Public Health. Where approved by the EMS Medical Director, that treatment will begin with orders provided either verbally or in writing by a physician who is licensed to practice medicine in all of its branches or as directed verbally by a Registered Nurse in Emergency Communications (ECRN). Transporting a seriously ill patient between hospitals or a prehospital injured or ill patient who needs the skills and interventions of paramedics, prehospital registered nurses, and, occasionally, specialized nursing professionals at levels above the typical and customary scope of paramedic practice. Certain certificates are required, as well as ongoing education and advanced education.

An ALS EMS System that has departmental approval must oversee all Critical Care Transport Programs. The National EMS Education Standards for Advanced Life Support and any changes made to that curriculum cover pre-hospital, in-hospital, and nonemergency medical services, including heart monitoring, basic life support procedures, electrocardiography, intravenous therapy, drugs, and solutions, use of adjunctive medical devices, trauma care, and other authorized techniques and procedures.