Journal of Horticulture

Journal of Horticulture
Open Access

ISSN: 2376-0354

Research Article - (2015) Volume 2, Issue 2

View PDF Download PDF

Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management on Growth, Yield and Quality of Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandifloru L.) Cv. Psittacinus Hybrid

Pansuriya PB* and Chauhan RV
Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, India
*Corresponding Author: Pansuriya PB, Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, India, Tel: 2670289 Email:

Abstract

A trial was conducted at Department of Horticulture, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh to investigate the effect of organic, inorganic and biofertilizer on growth, yield and quality of gladiolus cv. Psittacinus hybrid. Twelve treatment combinations of different nutritional sources were comprised with three replications. Results due to various treatments found significant. Application of (T3) was recorded for minimum days to first spike emergence (72.10 days), maximum plant height (91.88 cm), maximum number of stems per plant (2.20) and fresh and dry weight of plant (161.36 gm and 46.37 gm, respectively). With respect to flowering, yield characters maximum number of spikes per plant (2.20), number of spikes per square meter (19.82), yield of spikes per hectare (2.87 lacks), fresh weight of whole spikes (90.03 gm), diameter of floret (7.98 cm), length of floret rachis (55.24 cm), vase life (14.32 days), longevity of spike (15.17 days) were recorded with an application of 75% RDF + NC @ 1 t/ha + Azoto. @ 2 kg/ha + PSB @ 2 kg/ha (T6). Similarly, the application of CC @ 4 t/ha + Azoto. @ 4 kg/ha + PSB @ 4 kg/ha (T11) gave poor performance.

<

Keywords: Azotobacter; Phosphate solublizing bacteria; Castor cake; Neem cake

Introduction

Gladiolus (from Latin, the diminutive of gladius, a sword) is a genus of perennial bulbous flowering plants in the iris family (Iridaceae). Sometimes called the sword lily, the most widely used English common name for these plants is simply gladiolus (plural gladioli, gladioluses or sometimes gladiolas). The quality and production of cut flowers is primarily a varietal trait, it is greatly influenced by climatic, geographical and nutritional factors. Out of them, nutritional factor is playing a major role. At present, nutrients are supplied through chemical fertilizers. The use of organic manures and biofertilizer along with judicious use of chemical fertilizers is nothing but balancing the diet of crop and soil. It improves physico-chemical and biological properties of soil, besides improving the efficiency of applied nutrients.

Materials and Methods

The trial was conducted at Department of Horticulture, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, during Rabi, 2011. The trial was laid out in randomized block design with 12 treatments and three replication. The different treatments were T1: RDF= N:P:K 300:150:150 kg/ha, T2: FYM @ 5 t/ha + 100% RDF, T3: FYM @ 20 t/ha + Azoto. @ 4 kg/ha + PSB @ 4 kg/ha, T4: 75% RDF + VC @ 1 t/ha + Azoto. @ 2 kg/ha + PSB @ 2 kg/ha, T5: 75% RDF + CC @ 1 t/ha + Azoto. @ 2 kg/ha + PSB @ 2 kg/ha, T6: 75% RDF + NC @ 1 t/ha + Azoto. @ 2 kg/ha + PSB @ 2 kg/ha, T7: 50% RDF + VC @ 2 t/ha + Azoto. @ 3 kg/ha + PSB @ 3 kg/ha, T8: 50% RDF + CC @ 2 t/ha + Azoto. @ 3 kg/ha + PSB @ 3 kg/ha, T9: 50% RDF + NC @ 2 t/ha + Azoto. @ 3 kg/ha + PSB @ 3 kg/ha, T10: VC @ 4 t/ha + Azoto. @ 4 kg/ha + PSB @ 4 kg/ha, T11: CC @ 4 t/ha + Azoto. @ 4 kg/ha + PSB @ 4 kg/ha, T12: NC @ 4 t/ha + Azoto. @ 4 kg/ha + PSB @ 4 kg/ha.

The recommended fertilizer doses of 300:150:150 kg NPK/ha were applied in form of Urea, DAP and muriate of potash. Half dose of nitrogen and full dose of phosphorus and potash were applied as basal dose. The remaining half dose of nitrogen was applied in two spilt doses at interval of 45 and 90 days after application of basal dose. In case of organic source, farm yard manure, vermi compost, neem cake and castor cake were incorporated in the soil according to the treatments of respective plots. Likewise, Azotobacter and PSB were well mixed in organic manure and then applied in the soil of respective plots.

Results and Discussion

(Table 1) revealed that the,, were recorded with an application of (T3). This might be due to better nutrient uptake, photosynthesis, source-sink relationship, besides excellent physiological and bio-chemical activities due to presence of Azotobacter and PSB. Similar results were also observed by Ranjan and Mansee [1] in gladiolus and Gupta et al. [2] and Kukde et al. [3] in tuberose.

Trait Source NumDf Den DF F-value Pr(>F)
Shoot Growth Block Treatment Day Trt*Day 3 153 4.22 0.0067**
3 153 61.43 <0.001***
11 1646 116.89 <0.001***
33 1646 11.20 <0.001***
No. axils Block Treatment Day Trt*Day 3 153 5.15 0.0020**
3 153 9.04 <.0001***
11 1646 199.59 <.0001***
33 1646 3.1 <.0001***

Table 1: Repeated measures ANOVA for four treatments of Fe-DTPA with main effects on length of the axils in cranberry uprights.

The observations on flowering parameters have been presented in (Tables 2-3). fresh weight of whole spikes (90.03 gm), diameter of floret (7.98 cm), length of floret rachis (55.24 cm), longevity of spike (15.17 days), vase life (14.32 days) maximum number of spikes per plant (2.20), number of spikes per square meter (19.82), yield of spikes per hectare (2.87 lacks) were recorded in treatment 75% RDF + NC @ 1 t/ha + Azoto. @ 2 kg/ha + PSB @ 2 kg/ha.(T6). This might be due to combine application of inorganic fertilizer, neem cake and biofertilizer. The beneficial effect of combined application of neem cake and inorganic fertilizer was possible as because the oil cake not only supply the NPK but also contained micronutrients and amino acid. It also protects the plant from nematodes and trace elements [4].

Treatment/Element None Low Med High Pr(>F)block Pr(>F)trt
N(%) 1.66 ± 0.26a 1.26 ± 0.22a 1.70 ± 0.17a 1.14  ±  0.00a 0.345 0.150
P(%) 0.14 ± 0.02a 0.15 ± 0.01a 0.12 ± 0.02a 0.16  ±  0.00a 0.264 0.606
K(%) 0.82 ± 0.12a 0.88 ± 0.02a 0.67 ± 0.10a 0.75  ±  0.00a 0.411 0.365
Ca(%) 0.48 ± 0.06ab 0.53 ± 0.01b 0.33 ± 0.04a 0.34 ± 0.00a 0.458 0.014
Mg(%) 0.16 ± 0.02a 0.20 ± 0.009a 0.14 ± 0.02a 0.15 ± 0.00a 0.186 0.066
S(%) 0.09 ± 0.01a 0.13 ± 0.01ab 0.11 ± 0.02ab 0.16 ± 0.00b 0.187 0.0407*
Mn(ppm) 76.5 ± 18.1a 59.2 ± 4.73a 45.7 ± 5.66a 45.0 ± 0.00a 0.702 0.188
Fe(ppm) 76 ± 11.40a 243 ± 10.04b 260 ± 4.99b 627 ± 0.00c 0.540 9.05e-06***
Zn(ppm) 15.5 ± 8.02a 19.7 ± 0.75a 14.7 ± 2.35a 18.0 ± 0.00a 0.603 0.843
Al(ppm) 81.5 ± 14.2a 77.5 ± 3.92a 56.5 ± 9.07a 67.0 ± 0.00a 0.477 0.248
Cu(ppm) 8.25 ± 2.75a 5.75 ± 0.25a 5.75 ± 0.47a 6.00 ± 0.00a 0.566 0.577
Na(ppm) 358.5 ± 32.58a 597.7 ± 26.09ab 767.2 ± 143.8b 1583 ± 0.00c 0.336 4.45e-06***
B(ppm) 49 ± 5.275a 59 ± 1.354a 47 ± 9.416a 53 ± 0.00a 0.270 0.408

Table 2: Summary of tissue analysis for cranberry treated with Fe-DTPA. Treatment means and standard errors are displayed along with Tukey’s multiple comparison test results; means (within rows) with the same letter were not significantly different (P<0.05). One-way ANOVA was performed to test the differences between blocks and treatments.

Locality Fe (ppm) Na (ppm)
Marsh1 698.22 ± 275.64bc 260.34 ± 47.26c
Marsh2 569.13 ± 190.98bcde 144.47 ± 14.96fg
Marsh3 422.19 ± 0.00bcdefg 155.90 ± 0.00efgh
Marsh4 242.17 ± 22.29efg 72.65 ± 22.11hij
Marsh5 482.76 ± 34.85cdef 203.70 ± 32.27def
Marsh6 399.42 ± 123.19defg 113.73 ± 20.50gh
Marsh7 753.86 ± 222.08b 36.89 ± 18.16j
Marsh8 393.55 ± 150.52efg 251.24 ± 20.21cd
Marsh9 399.49 ± 64.66defg 488.13 ± 51.37a
Marsh10 688.06 ± 131.43bcd 55.10 ± 23.26ij
Marsh11 257.68 ± 83.27fg 79.89 ± 23.53hi
Marsh12 178.24 ± 47.98fg 260.25 ± 37.97c
Marsh13 880.68 ± 41.11b 405.90 ± 52.93b
Marsh14 142.82 ± 33.12g 363.40 ± 113.65b
Marsh15 235.04 ± 31.56efg 85.65 ± 13.38ghi

Table 3: Natural iron variation content in field cranberry due to locality effects. Means with the same letter (within columns) were not significantly different using Tukey’s multiple comparison test results (P<0.05).

These findings are in agreement with Godse et al. [5], Rajiv et al. [6], Gangadharan and Gopinath [7], Dongardive et al. [8], Dalve et al. [9] in gladiolus Hence, the use of helped in realizing better yield and quality of gladiolus.

References

  1. Ranjan S, ManseeGovil (2007) Influence of biofertilizers on growth and flowering in gladiolus cv. American Beauty. Acta Horticulture 742: 183-188.
  2. Gupta P, Neeraj R, Dhaka VK, Dheeraj R (2008) Effect of different levels of vermicompost, NPK and FYM on performance of gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.) cv. Happy End Asian J Hort 3: 142-143.
  3. Kukde Seema, Shalini Pillewan, Nammi Meshram,Hemlata Khobragade, Khobragade YR (2006) Effect of organic manure and biofertilizer on growth, flowering and yield of tuberose cv. Single. J Soils and Crops 16: 414-416.
  4. Purohit SS, Dushyant Gehlot (2006) “Trends in organic farming in India”. Agrobios (India), pp. 253-255.
  5. Godse SB, Golliwar VJ, Neha Chopde, Bramhankar KS, Kore MS (2006) Effect of organic manures and biofertilizers with reduced doses of inorganic fertilizers on growth, yield and quality of gladiolus. J Soils and Crops 16: 445-449.
  6. Rajiv Kumar, Yadav DS, Roy AR (2006) Effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on growth, flowering ad corm production of gladiolus cv. PusaShabnum under Meghalaya conditions. Environment and Ecology 24: 939-942.
  7. Gangadharan GD, Gopinath G (2000) Effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers on growth, flowering and quality of gladiolus cv. white prosperity. Karnataka J AgrilSci 11: 401-405.
  8. Dongardive SB, Golliwar VJ, Bhongle SA (2007) Effect of organic manure and biofertilizers on growth and flowering in Gladiolus cv. white prosperity. Plant Archives 7: 657-658.
  9. Dalve PD, Mane SV, Ranadive SN (2009) Effect of biofertilizer with reduce doses of nitrogen on flower quality of gladiolus. J MaharastraAgricUniv 34: 122-123.
Citation: Pansuriya PB, Chauhan RV (2015) Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management on Growth, Yield and Quality of Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandifloru L.) Cv. Psittacinus Hybrid. J Horticulture 2: 129.

Copyright: © 2015 Pansuriya PB, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Top