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Organic Chemistry: Current Research

Organic Chemistry: Current Research
Open Access

ISSN: 2161-0401

+44 1478 350008

Short Communication - (2022)Volume 11, Issue 6

A Study on Hydrogenation of Carbon Dioxide to Hydrocarbons

Lorella Burlando*
 
*Correspondence: Lorella Burlando, Department of Chemistry, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia, Email:

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CO2 hydrogenation to hydrocarbons is a promising approach of making waste to wealth and energy storage, which solves the environmental and energy issues brought about by CO2 emissions. Much efforts and research are focused on the change of CO2 via hydrogenation to different value-added hydrocarbons, like CH4, lower olefins, fuel, or long-chain hydrocarbons catalyzed by various catalysts with different methods [1]. The continuing consumption of fossil fuels has shown a rising CO2 concentration in the atmosphere, and worldwide environmental change brought about by ozonedepleting substances has turned into a significant challenge.

Currently, CO2 can be reduced in three ways: control of CO2 discharges, CO2 capture and storage, and chemical conversion and use of CO2 . Carbon storage is significant for cutting CO2 emission rapidly; however, it has an issue of expected leakage of CO2 . CO2 obtained by capture not just can give a pure carbon source to hydrogenation, yet additionally can stay away from the leakage issue brought about by CO2 storage. Even the CO2 in flue gas can be utilized as a feed for hydrogenation. CO2 depletion can be catalyzed through electrocatalysis, photocatalysis, and thermal catalysis. Among them, thermal catalysis gets critical consideration because of its quick kinetics and flexible combination of active components [2,3]. The inclusion of more substances with higher Gibbs energy will make the CO2 change better thermodynamically. But, electrocatalysis and photocatalysis have the disastrous flaw of low energy production. Thus, CO2 hydrogenation utilizing H2 produced with renewable energy sources is a promising analysis to create synthetic substances and a fuel, which reduces the CO2 emissions, yet in addition, cover the shortage of fossil fuels.

Catalytic hydrogenation of CO2 utilizing H2 created with renewable energy is considered a potential path for the production of lower olefins, higher hydrocarbons, formic acid, methanol, and higher alcohols. With the depletion of fossil fuels, CO2 hydrogenation to hydrocarbons is a promising way to cover CO2 into fuel among other CO2 hydrogenation. However, we want to go up against two challenges alongside it: (1) sustainable hydrogen source and (2) scattered product distribution. Much effort has been committed to addressing the challenge, and researchers have proactively gained progress in water electrolysis to create H2 utilizing electricity produced with sun-based or wind or other renewable energy, and water splitting using photocatalytic, photoelectrochemical, or other photochemical cycles [4]. But, the C2+ hydrocarbons have a wide organization. For example, CH4, C2-C4, and C5+ are targeted for production, while the selectivity was spread in a wide range, which turns into an obstruction to meet the necessity for applications in industry.

The basic factor for product selectivity is the surface H/C proportion changed by the use of catalysts. Moreover, DFT research propels are summed up according to the perspective of C-O bond cleavage and C-C bond development which gave a deep insight into CO2 activation and conversion. Ecological issues have pushed the need to reduce CO2 emissions caused by the utilization of fossil fuels. Heterogeneous thermo catalysis is a promising heading for application in CO2 transformation. The catalyst performance can be impacted by many elements, for example, metal-support cooperation, metal molecule size, and promoters [5]. Ni-based catalysts are basically utilized in CH4 production from CO2 hydrogenation. Likewise, Co, Ru, Ir and Rh are additionally applied for CO2 methanation. Fe is a functioning metal for CO2 hydrogenation to C2+ hydrocarbons through changed FTS or methanol-intervened course. Fe-metal bimetallic catalysts have shown particularly further developed performance. The arrangement of bi-functional catalysts combining metal oxides and zeolites is a powerful method for controlling the product selectivity for C1 conversion. A few trials and DFT estimations have given the encouraging result that CO2 transformation can be catalyzed through the intermediate route which is neither the CO course nor the methanol course, which won't be restricted by the ASF distribution and the equilibrium conversion of CO2 to methanol. The vital mechanisms of the underlying C-C bond formation and C-O bond cleavage are different between Fe-based catalysts and Cubased catalysts in DFT calculations.

References

Author Info

Lorella Burlando*
 
Department of Chemistry, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
 

Citation: Burlando L (2022) A Study on Hydrogenation of Carbon Dioxide to Hydrocarbons. Organic Chem Curr Res. 11: 279.

Received: 02-Jun-2022, Manuscript No. OCCR-22-18456; Editor assigned: 06-Jun-2022, Pre QC No. OCCR-22-18456 (PQ); Reviewed: 20-Jun-2022, QC No. OCCR-22-18456; Revised: 27-Jun-2022, Manuscript No. OCCR-22-18456 (R); Published: 06-Jul-2022 , DOI: 10.35841/2161-0401.22.11.279

Copyright: © 2022 Burlando L. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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