Andrology-Open Access
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A Brief Note on Semen Analysis

John Kennedy^{* *}Correspondence: Dr. John Kennedy, Department of Andrology and Centre of Reproductive Medicine, University of Oxford, England, UK, Email:

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Editorial Note

A Semen examination is also called seminogram or spermiogram assesses specific qualities of male semen and the sperm contained in that. It is performed to aid in determining male fertility, whether for individuals seeking conception or confirming the effectiveness of a vasectomy. Depending on the estimating approach, simply a few traits or a large number of attributes may be evaluated. The techniques for sorting and the exact estimation approach may have an influence on the outcomes..

Semen examination is a complicated test that ought to be acted in andrology labs by experienced specialists with quality control and approval of test frameworks. A standard semen examination ought to include: actual qualities of semen (shading, smell, pH, consistency and liquefaction), volume, fixation, morphology and sperm motility and movement. It is necessary to conduct two, preferable three, distinct basic tests with a 7- to 90-day lag between them in order to achieve the best results.

Strategies for semen assortment incorporate masturbation, condom assortment, and epididymal extraction. The sample should never be obtained by intercourse interruptus because part of the discharge may be lost, bacterial contamination may occur, or the acidic vaginal pH may inhibit sperm movement. For semen examination, 2 to 7 days of sexual restriction is preferable. Masturbation is the most common technique for obtaining a semen test, and the optimum place to do so is in the centre where the examination will take place to avoid temperature fluctuations during the transportation, which may be fatal to some spermatozoa. When the sample is obtained, it should be placed in a clean plastic container (never in a conventional additive, as they contain complex chemicals such as greases or spermicides that might injure the sample) and delivered to the center to be evaluated within an hour.

In some cases, such as retrograde discharge, neurological damage, or mental constraint, an extreme treatment is necessary. Depending on the situation, we can use a variety of techniques such as special additives, electro-incitement, vibrio-incitement, and so on.

Sperm count, often known as sperm fixation to avoid confusion with absolute sperm count, is a measurement of the grouping of sperm in a man's discharge. It is distinguished from complete sperm count, which is the sperm count multiplied by volume. According to the WHO in 2010, more than 15 million sperm per millilitre is considered normal. Oligozoospermia is characterised by a low sperm count. If the patient is azoospermic, a vasectomy is considered beneficial (no sperm of any sort found). Researchers refer to criptozoospermia when a sample has less than 100,000 spermatozoa per millilitre. Some people define competence as the identification of unique nonmotile sperm (less than 100,000 for every milliliter). Others recommend obtaining a second semen examination to ensure that the counts are not increasing (as can happen with recanalization).

Devices are becoming available for home usage that can provide an accurate measurement of sperm count after three samples are taken on different days. A device like this might be used to compare the grouping of sperm in a semen test to a control fluid filled with polystyrene globules. Because of the lack of perspective and differences in interpretation, ordinary sperm morphology is hard to organize. The many components of spermatozoa should be examined while classifying them as typical or unusual. There are three parts to sperm: a head, a midpiece, and a tail.

Initially, the head ought to be oval-molded, smooth and with a standard diagram. In addition, the acrosomal region ought to involve the 40%-70% space of the head, be characterized and not contain huge vacuoles. The measure of vacuoles ought not overabundance the 20% of the head's region. It ought to be 4-5 μm long and a width of 2, 5-3, 5 μm.

The neck and midpiece should also be standard, with a maximum width of 1 μm and a length of 7-8 μm. The pivot of the midpiece should be linked to the significance of the head.