Anatomy & Physiology: Current Research
Open Access

Abstract

Advances in Craniofacial Anatomy for Regenerative Medicine

Chisom Eze

The craniofacial region is one of the most anatomically complex areas of the human body, comprising the skull, facial bones, muscles, nerves, blood vessels, connective tissues, teeth, salivary glands and sensory organs. These structures function together to support essential physiological processes such as mastication, speech, respiration, vision, hearing and facial expression. Because of its structural complexity and aesthetic significance, injuries or congenital abnormalities affecting the craniofacial region often have profound functional, psychological, and social consequences. Traditionally, craniofacial anatomy has focused on describing the morphology and spatial relationships of bones, muscles, nerves and vascular structures. While this knowledge remains fundamental for clinical practice, modern anatomical research has expanded considerably to include cellular organization, extracellular matrix composition, developmental biology, vascular microarchitecture and tissue biomechanics.

Published Date: 2025-06-02; Received Date: 2025-05-02