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Radiation-induced modifications of starch
11th Global Summit on Food & Beverages
September 22-24, 2016 Las Vegas, USA
Dorra Ghorbel
University of Carthage, Tunisia
Posters & Accepted Abstracts: J Food Process Technol
Abstract:
Wheat and potato starches were treated by different γ-radiation doses (0, 3, 5, 10, 20, 35 and 50 kGy). The effects of γ-radiation on the physicochemical, rheological, structural, thermal and morphological properties of the starch granules were studied. The water solubility index (WSI) was increased significantly. An increase in the swelling power (SP) was observed after irradiation treatment until 20 kGy, followed by a rapid decrease at higher doses. The Brabender Amylograph maximal consistency as well as the viscosity of the starch pastes decreased significantly with increasing irradiation dose. The presence of free radicals suspected to be responsible for the glycosidic-bonds breakdown and the polysaccharides depolymerization by radiolysis was confirmed by electron spin resonance (EPR). Structural analysis using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy revealed a significant decrease in the intensity of the O�??H stretch, C�??H stretch, bending mode of water and bending mode of glycosidic linkages. The X-ray diffraction spectra showed that irradiation treatment did not influence the crystalline morphology of the starches studied. Apparent amylose content decreased significantly with increasing irradiation dose. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) thermograms showed that there was no significant difference in the gelatinization temperatures, as well as the corresponding transition enthalpy. Microscopic observations under scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and polarized light microscopy showed that the granules surfaces of starches in the dry state was apparently unaffected by irradiation. But after heat treatment of the starches suspensions, SEM observations revealed an increase in the starch granules destruction as irradiation dose increased.
Biography :
Email: dorraghorbel@yahoo.co.uk