P Sailaja Rao and G Krishna Mohan
Sri Venkateshwara College of Pharmacy and Research Centre, India
JNTU, Hyderabad, India
Posters & Accepted Abstracts: J Diabetes Metab
Medicinal plants have been used since ancient times for the management of diabetes mellitus in traditional systems. A medicinal plant Orchis latifolia Linn. is a terrestrial herb commonly known as �??Salep�?� in English language, is used for the treatment of diabetes. The aim of the study was to evaluate the anti-diabetic activity in vitro and in vivo with methanolic extract of O. latifolia roots (MEOL) in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. Male Wistar rats (180-250 grams) were selected for the study. The type II diabetes was induced in rats by a single intra peritoneal injection of streptozotocin with dose of 30 mg/kg body weight. The in vitro α-amylase inhibitory activity of the extract was done by spectrophotometric method. Metformin (50 mg/kg body weight) was used as standard oral hypoglycemic agent. The blood glucose levels were determined on 11th day and the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were estimated in the liver tissue homogenate after 15 days of experimental period. MEOL showed significant inhibition of α-amylase activity and the IC50 was found to be 54 μg/ml. Oral administration of MEOL significantly reduced blood glucose levels (p<0.01), decreased the MDA levels (28 μg moles/mg of protein) and restored the depleted anti-oxidative enzymes SOD (38.33 μg moles/mg of protein) and CAT (10.5 μg moles/mg) to normalcy. These findings revealed that O. latifolia roots possess anti-hyperglycemic, anti-oxidant and anti-lipid peroxidative activity and thus mitigate STZ-induced oxidative damage. However, further studies related to the mechanism of action are in progress.
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