Journal of Food Processing & Technology

Grape breeding for subtropical grapes for fresh consumption and processing

7^th Indo-Global Summit and Expo on Food & Beverages

October 08-10, 2015 New Delhi, India

M K Verma, S K Singh, Khalil Fitrat and Tanushree Sahu

Indian Agricultural Research Institute, India

Posters-Accepted Abstracts: J Food Process Technol

Abstract:

Grape growing is now become a challenge under sub-tropical regions of North Indian plains because occurrence of pre-monsoon rain during fruit maturity deteriorates the fruit quality and reduces yield drastically. The genetic grape breeding program conducted by the Indian Agricultural Research Institute-aims at the development of new cultivars which combine the characteristics of extra-early maturity along with better berry quality traits in terms of total soluble solids, characteristics berry color, berry size and yield. The basic germplasm used in the crossing program was consisted of V. vinifera varieties like Perlette, Pusa Urvashi, Pearl of Csaba, Beauty Seedless, Bharat Early, Banqui Abyad and Hur. Breeding methods adopted includes modern techniques (embryorescue) as well as traditional approaches. An efficient embryo-recue technique is however critical for breeding seedless grapes when using stenospermocarpic female parents. It resulted into development of dozens of hybrids found promising in terms of extra-early maturity as well as berry quality. As a result four promising hybrids viz., ER-R2P36(Pearl of Csaba�?Beauty Seedless), ER-R2P4(Pearl of Csaba�?Perlette), ER-R2P20(Pusa Urvashi�?Perlette) and R1P14(Cardinal�?Beauty seedless) were found to be promising in terms of extra-early maturity (last week of May) under Delhi conditions as well as bunch and berry quality traits. Out of these four hybrids, ER-R2P36 was found most promising in terms of extra-early maturity (last week of May), high total soluble solid content (22.2 ºBrix), mild acidity (0.5%), medium berry weight (2.1 g), medium bunch weight (355.2 g) of seedless black colored berry. Therefore, outcome from this breeding program is significant for grape growing under subtropical regions of North Indian plains.