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Big data is revolutionizing healthcare, presenting unparalleled opportunities to reshape pharmacy practice and enhance public health outcomes. Through the analysis of extensive datasets, pharmacists can advance medication management, optimize supply chains, and predict disease outbreaks. Big data also facilitates the personalization of medicine, improves medication adherence, and reduces healthcare costs. However, challenges such as data privacy concerns, interoperability issues, and the need for specialized skills hinder its full potential. This paper provides a comprehensive exploration of the applications of big data in pharmacy, evaluates its impact on public health, and identifies strategies to address existing challenges and maximize its benefits.